Understanding Diabetes: Causes, Prevention & Control

What is Diabetes and How Does It Happen?

Diabetes is a long-term health condition that occurs when the body cannot properly regulate blood sugar (glucose) levels. This happens either because the body does not produce enough insulin or because it cannot use insulin effectively.

Insulin is a hormone made by the pancreas that helps glucose enter the body’s cells to be used for energy. When this process fails, sugar builds up in the bloodstream, leading to serious health complications if not controlled.

• Type 1 Diabetes: The body does not produce insulin. It usually develops in children or young adults.
• Type 2 Diabetes: The body cannot use insulin properly. This is the most common type and is often linked to lifestyle factors.
• Prediabetes: Blood sugar is higher than normal but not yet in the diabetes range. This stage is a warning.

Early detection and lifestyle changes can significantly slow or even prevent Type 2 diabetes.

Insulin Sensors, Insulin Pens & Blood Sugar Tests

An insulin sensor (Continuous Glucose Monitor – CGM) is a small device attached to the skin that measures blood sugar levels in real time. It helps patients understand how food, exercise, and medication affect their glucose levels.

An insulin pen is used to inject insulin into the body in a convenient and accurate way. It is easier and safer than traditional syringes.

Normal blood sugar levels usually range between 70–140 mg/dL. Below 70 mg/dL is considered LOW (hypoglycemia), and above 180 mg/dL is considered HIGH (hyperglycemia).

How to Prevent and Control Diabetes

While not all diabetes can be prevented, many cases of Type 2 diabetes can be avoided or controlled through healthy lifestyle choices and regular medical care.

• Eat healthy foods: vegetables, whole grains, lean protein, and healthy fats
• Avoid: sugary drinks, processed food, white bread, and excess sweets
• Exercise regularly: at least 30 minutes a day
• Maintain a healthy weight and sleep well
• Check your blood sugar regularly and follow your doctor’s instructions

With modern medicine and good daily habits, people living with diabetes can live long, healthy and active lives.

⚠️ This website is for educational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice. Always consult your doctor for diagnosis and treatment.